{"id":3483,"date":"2025-09-19T12:13:50","date_gmt":"2025-09-19T12:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/?page_id=3483"},"modified":"2025-10-21T18:12:50","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T18:12:50","slug":"behavioral-symptoms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/behavioral-symptoms\/","title":{"rendered":"Behavioral Symptoms"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3483\" class=\"elementor elementor-3483\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f20189e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f20189e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12168c4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"12168c4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd6a147 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dd6a147\" 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e-fas-bars\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M16 132h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16V76c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16C7.163 60 0 67.163 0 76v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16z\"><\/path><\/svg>                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n            \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e0061c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7e0061c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01ca346 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"01ca346\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-145d04b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"145d04b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default elementor-inline-editing pen\" contenteditable=\"true\" data-elementor-setting-key=\"title\" data-pen-placeholder=\"Type Here...\">Behavioral Symptoms<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-564c5f6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"564c5f6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26a626a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26a626a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04d062e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"04d062e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Behavioural and psychological Symptoms in Dementia<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c1edbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c1edbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Remember the dementia patients are having a hard time, not giving us a hard time<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-257b1e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"257b1e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f5a4f45\" data-id=\"f5a4f45\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a47da8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a47da8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>About 90% of Persons with dementia resulting from any cause, not only have cognitive decline and loss of function but also develop personality changes, altered behaviours, and psychological symptoms called Neuropsychiatric symptoms or Behavioural and Psychological symptoms of Dementia {BPSD}. These symptoms are very challenging and distressing both for the person living with dementia, their caregivers and families.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56ae75b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56ae75b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fba8850\" data-id=\"fba8850\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f05ae2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f05ae2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Behavioral and Psychological symptoms can be grouped into:<\/p><p><strong>Cognitive or Perceptual <\/strong>\u2013 Delusions (believing things that are not true, such as being harmed or stolen from) Hallucinations (seeing, hearing, smelling or tasting things that are not real).<\/p><p><strong>Motor <\/strong>\u2013 Pacing, wandering, repetitive movements, physical aggression.<\/p><p><strong>Verbal <\/strong>&#8211; Yelling, calling out, repetitive speech, verbal aggression. <strong>Emotional <\/strong>\u2013 Euphoria, depression, apathy, anxiety, irritability. <strong>Vegetative <\/strong>\u2013 Disturbances in sleep and appetite.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b09e686 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b09e686\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c606813\" data-id=\"c606813\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c88b059 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c88b059\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BPSD are caused by multiple factors. Neuropsychiatric symptoms relate to interactions between an<\/p><p>individual\u2019s biology, prior experiences and current environment. Dementia related agitation, disinhibition, and psychosis are associated with volume reductions and decreased metabolism in the regions of the brain that mediate emotional regulation, self-awareness and perception.<\/p><p>BPSD also correlate with cholinergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission imbalances. Neurotransmitters are chemical substances in the brain that act as messengers that transmit signals between nerve cells, muscles and glands. They are essential for the body\u2019s function, affecting many aspects of life, including:<\/p><p>Thoughts and emotions: neurotransmitters influence mood, memory and learning. Movement: neurotransmitters control muscle contraction.<\/p><p>Organ function: neurotransmitters regulate the cardiovascular and endocrine systems. Sleep patterns: Neurotransmitters regulate sleep patterns.<\/p><p>This evidence forms the basis for the pharmacotherapies currently used to treat BPSD.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b168f97 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b168f97\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebed892 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ebed892\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b048d9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b048d9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The other important factors that are found to cause BPSD are: <strong>Pre \u2013 morbid Neuroticism <\/strong>\u2013 Prior to the onset of dementia having a personality trait characterized by a tendency to respond to challenges with exaggerated negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and anger.<\/p><p><strong>Pre \u2013 morbid, post &#8211; traumatic stress disorder <\/strong>\u2013 Prior to the onset of dementia the person would have been affected mentally by a grave tragic incident in their life.<\/p><p><strong>Problematic Caregiver communication styles<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6ff175 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f6ff175\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-039913b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"039913b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Environmental Factors causing BPSD<\/strong>: Unmet needs for food, fluid, companionship. Behavior or learning &#8211; when unwanted behavior is unwittingly reinforced, such as by providing attention when a patient calls out.<\/p><p>Patient-Environment mismatch: when a<\/p><p>caregiver\u2019s expectations exceed a patient\u2019s<\/p><p>capability.<\/p><p>sensory over or under stimulation, or surroundings that are too hot, cold, or loud.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4cbc11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e4cbc11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e7dd24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e7dd24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BPSD are prevalent and affect the prognosis and treatment of dementia. These symptoms have to be managed with medications, non- pharmacologic therapies along with caregivers training.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Help Line DONATE About Us Our Genesis Our Team Our journey Our Services Our Model of Care Memory Clinics ALAMBANA \u2013 Day Care Services Caregiver Services HOME CARE Community outreach Dementia Types of Dementia What is Dementia Dementia Risks Dementia Diagnosis Dementia Treatment Behavioral Symptoms Caregiving Resources Events &#038; News Get involved Contact Us Hamburger [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"tpl-default-elementor.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3483","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3483"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3767,"href":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3483\/revisions\/3767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/ardsihyd.org\/v11\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}